Introducing of Metopaster parkinsoni Forbes, 1848, Goniasteridae Family (Sea stars) of Cretaceous successions of northeast of Iran and study on the first evidences of its biostratinomic processes

Authors

1 Ph.D student, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

2 Professor, Department of Geology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

3 Professor, University de Provence, Marseille, France

Abstract

  Asteroids (a group of sea stars) were important members of the marine benthos from the Early Ordovician to Recent as is demonstrated by the occurrence of isolated ossicles in many marine types of sediment. Nonetheless, there is no report of these fossils from Late Cretaceous successions of Iran. Identified specimen in this research belongs to Metopaster parkinsoni, Family Goniasteridae and Order Valvatida that is reporting for the first time from Iran and Asia and the reason of its importance is that this specimen is the most eastern Metopaster fossil in Tethys Realm that is figured out until now. This species is obtained from second chalky limestone unit of Abderaz Formation in Padeha section, east of Kopet-Dagh Basin, northeast of Iran. Its well preservation permits to see all of necessary parameters for identification of shape, amount, size, elongation, ornamentation on marginal ossicles and the ossicular angel. Moreover, there are some bite marks of Late Cretaceous predators or scavengers on the surface of marginal ossicles that show the first evidences of biostratinomic process next to and after the death, before final burial. Before this, M. parkinsoni is identified in most of Late Cretaceous chalky limestone throughout the world, especially Paris Basin and England (Seaford Formation) and its uttermost abundance is in Micraster coranguinum Biozone, comprise Coniacian – Santonian boundary. Second chalky limestone unit of Abderaz Formation in Padeha section had mentioned species is equal to Seaford Formation of England and encompass the Coniacian – Santonian boundary. 

Keywords


 
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